Abstract Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil are expanding toward the northern and mid-western regions of the country. The objective of the present study was to select clones adapted to the local conditions, with a focus on the Cerrado region. Three clonal experiments were conducted in the municipalities of Catalão, Corumbá-de-Goiás, and Luziânia, in Goiás State, with 109 genotypes of eucalypts. The experimental design consisted of a randomized complete block design with single-tree plots and 29 blocks. Diameter at breast height and total height of all trees were measured four years after planting, for use in the estimation of wood volume for each genotype. The genotype × environmental interaction was significant and predominantly (74%) complex. The genotypic correlation among environments was moderate (< 0.47), indicating that clones should be selected for specific sites. However, some clones performed relatively well across all environments, such as clones CCL21, CCL30, AEC144, CCL07, and CCL35.

Esta nota tem por objetivo relatar o ataque de larvas do coró-das-pastagens, Diloboderus abderus Sturm, 1826 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), em mudas de eucalipto híbrido (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), na fazenda Bazana, município de Manoel Viana, Rio Grande do Sul. Essa praga se alimentou da casca das plantas na região do coleto, provocando “anelamento” das mudas. A mortalidade de mudas foi de 30% em 40ha. Este é o primeiro registro dos danos desse inseto em plantas de eucalipto no Brasil.

This article aims to report the attack of larvae Diloboderus abderus Sturm, 1826 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) on seedlings of Eucalyptus hybrid ( Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), on the farm Bazana, in Manoel Viana, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This pest consumed the bark of the ground, which caused the 'girdling' of seedlings. The mortality rate was 30%, in 40ha. No previous report was found in the literature regarding the occurrence of damages of Diloboderus abderus on Eucalyptus; thus, this is the first record of the pest on Eucalyptus in Brazil.

Avaliaram-se os efeitos curativo e protetor e o tempo de absorção de fungicidas sistêmicos no controle da ferrugem do eucalipto. Azoxyztrobin, triadimenol, tetraconazole, tebuconazole e epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin apresentaram 100% de ação curativa quando aplicados até quatro dias após a inoculação. Aplicados após sete dias, apenas azoxystrobin, tebuconazole e epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin mantiveram o efeito curativo. Aos 10 dias depois da inoculação, os fungicidas reduziram a infecção, mas não controlaram totalmente a doença. Além do efeito curativo, azoxystrobin e triadimenol proporcionaram efeito protetor quando aplicados até 21 dias antes da inoculação de P. psidii. Avaliou-se o tempo mínimo de absorção de azoxystrobin, tebuconazole, triadimenol e trifloxystrobin. Esses quatro fungicidas foram absorvidos pela planta em todos os intervalos testados - 30, 60, 90 e 120 min - e inibiram a infecção de P. psidii em mudas de eucalipto.

Curative and protective effects of systemic fungicides (azoxystrobin, triadmenol, tetraconazole, tebuconazole and the mixture epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin) against eucalyptus rust were evaluated. To evaluate the curative effect, eucalyptus plants were sprayed with an inoculum suspension (2 x 10(4) urediniospores /mL) and with each fungicide after 0, 4, 7, or 10 days. For the protective effect, the plants were sprayed with each fungicide and with the inoculum suspension after 0, 7, 14, 21, or 28 days. The number of pustules/leaf, sori/foliar area, and urediniospores/sorus was determined on the first two apical leaves. The best curative effect was achieved with azoxystrobin, tebuconazole, epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin, and triadimenol, since the number of sori/foliar area and urediniospores/sorus was reduced when applied up to 7 days after inoculation. Regarding protective effect, azoxystrobin and triadimenol were the most effective fungicides, as no pustules formed on the leaves up to 21 days after spray. Azoxystrobin, tebuconazole, triadmenol and trifloxystrobin were absorbed within 30 min after application and no P. psidii infection was detected.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de leite em pó como fonte alimentar e do tipo de substrato sobre a indução biológica do enraizamento e crescimento de mudas clonais de eucalipto por isolados de rizobactérias. Para o primeiro objetivo, após a aplicação dos isolados de rizobactérias, na proporção de 0,2 ml/cc de substrato de uma suspensão de inóculo ajustada para 10(8) u.f.c./ml, enriquecidos ou não com leite em pó (1%), e decorridos 25 dias do estaqueamento de três clones de eucalipto, avaliaram-se a biomassa seca de raízes e o índice de enraizamento de cada combinação isolado-clone. Para o segundo objetivo, 10 isolados, aplicados na mesma proporção e concentração de inóculos citados anteriormente, foram testados em três substratos de enraizamento: vermiculita pura; moinha de carvão + composto de casca de eucalipto + vermiculita (5:3:1); e composto de casca de arroz carbonizada + vermiculita (1:1), em dois ensaios conduzidos com um clone de eucalipto. Os resultados evidenciaram que a aplicação dos isolados promotores de crescimento proporcionou incrementos significativos na velocidade e índice de enraizamento, bem como no crescimento, expresso pela biomassa radicular, cujos ganhos foram superiores, na aplicação com veiculação da fonte alimentar inicial. Dentre os isolados testados, S1 e 3918 (ambos Bacillus subtilis) foram os mais efetivos para enraizamento e biomassa radicular, com incrementos de 40,6 e 114,2%, respectivamente. Além disso, não ocorreu interação entre isolados de rizobactérias e substrato de enraizamento, o que permite a utilização desses isolados, independentemente do tipo de substrato empregado.

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of powdered milk as a nutrient source and the effect of the substrate composition on the biological rooting induction and minicutting growth by rhizobacteria isolates. A suspension of rhizobacteria (10(8) cfu/ml) was used to achieve a concentration of 0.2 ml/cc of substrate with or without powdered milk (1%). Three eucalyptus clones were transplanted to the treated substrate and 25 days later the root biomass and the rooting index were evaluated. Ten isolates added on the same proportion and concentration were tested in three assays using one eucalyptus clone and two rooting substrates: vermiculite, charcoal powder + eucalyptus rusk compost + vermiculite (5:3:1) and carbonized rice bark + vermiculite (1:1). The results showed that the isolates were effective in increasing the speed and index of rooting as well as the root biomass, whose increases were greater when the nutrient source was applied. Among the isolates tested, S1 and 3912 (both Bacillus subtilis) were the most effective for rooting and root biomass, with increases of 40.6 and 114.2%, respectively. There was no interaction between rhizobacteria isolates and root substrate, which allows using the isolates independently of the substrate.